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DES would expect an 8 byte key (with parity). So Triple DES expects a 24 byte key (with parity). Since you only have a 16 byte key, you have to replicate some of it, to get the final key. Oftentimes the first and last 8 bytes are the same. You can use this to acquire a byte array of the appropriate length (e.g. 32 bytes for AES256), which can be used as a key. Be sure to pass in the raw bytes, and not, e.g., a hex-encoded string. Alternatively, you may want to derive a key from some other source. A Key Derivation Function (KDF) is a function that transforms some input into a key.
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The Data Encryption Standard (DES) is a symmetric-key block cipher published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
DES is an implementation of a Feistel Cipher. It uses 16 round Feistel structure. The block size is 64-bit. Though, key length is 64-bit, DES has an effective key length of 56 bits, since 8 of the 64 bits of the key are not used by the encryption algorithm (function as check bits only). General Structure of DES is depicted in the following illustration −
![Key Key](/uploads/1/2/5/8/125876252/114838251.png)
Since DES is based on the Feistel Cipher, all that is required to specify DES is −
- Round function
- Key schedule
- Any additional processing − Initial and final permutation
Initial and Final Permutation
The initial and final permutations are straight Permutation boxes (P-boxes) that are inverses of each other. They have no cryptography significance in DES. The initial and final permutations are shown as follows −
Round Function
The heart of this cipher is the DES function, f. The DES function applies a 48-bit key to the rightmost 32 bits to produce a 32-bit output.
- Expansion Permutation Box − Since right input is 32-bit and round key is a 48-bit, we first need to expand right input to 48 bits. Permutation logic is graphically depicted in the following illustration −
- The graphically depicted permutation logic is generally described as table in DES specification illustrated as shown −
- XOR (Whitener). − After the expansion permutation, DES does XOR operation on the expanded right section and the round key. The round key is used only in this operation.
- Substitution Boxes. − The S-boxes carry out the real mixing (confusion). DES uses 8 S-boxes, each with a 6-bit input and a 4-bit output. Refer the following illustration −
![Des 16 key generator using hexagon Des 16 key generator using hexagon](https://www.garykessler.net/library/images/crypto_des.gif)
License Key Generator
- The S-box rule is illustrated below −
- There are a total of eight S-box tables. The output of all eight s-boxes is then combined in to 32 bit section.
- Straight Permutation − The 32 bit output of S-boxes is then subjected to the straight permutation with rule shown in the following illustration:
Key Generation
Des 16 Key Generator Using Hex Key
The round-key generator creates sixteen 48-bit keys out of a 56-bit cipher key. The process of key generation is depicted in the following illustration −
The logic for Parity drop, shifting, and Compression P-box is given in the DES description.
DES Analysis
The DES satisfies both the desired properties of block cipher. These two properties make cipher very strong.
- Avalanche effect − A small change in plaintext results in the very great change in the ciphertext.
- Completeness − Each bit of ciphertext depends on many bits of plaintext.
During the last few years, cryptanalysis have found some weaknesses in DES when key selected are weak keys. These keys shall be avoided.
DES has proved to be a very well designed block cipher. There have been no significant cryptanalytic attacks on DES other than exhaustive key search.
Advanced Encryption Standard(AES) is a symmetric encryption algorithm. AES is the industry standard as of now as it allows 128 bit, 192 bit and 256 bit encryption.Symmetric encryption is very fast as compared to asymmetric encryption and are used in systems such as database system. Following is an online tool to generate AES encrypted password and decrypt AES encrypted password. It provides two mode of encryption and decryption ECB and CBC mode. For more info on AES encryption visit this explanation on AES Encryption.
Key Generator For Games
Also, you can find the sample usage screenshot below:
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Usage Guide
Any plain-text input or output that you enter or we generate is not stored on this site, this tool is provided via an HTTPS URL to ensure that text cannot be stolen.
For encryption, you can either enter the plain text, password, an image file or a .txt file that you want to encrypt. Now choose the block cipher mode of encryption. ECB(Electronic Code Book) is the simplest encryption mode and does not require IV for encryption. The input plain text will be divided into blocks and each block will be encrypted with the key provided and hence identical plain text blocks are encrypted into identical cipher text blocks. CBC mode is highly recommended and it requires IV to make each message unique. If no IV is entered then default will be used here for CBC mode and that defaults to a zero based byte[16].
The AES algorithm has a 128-bit block size, regardless of whether you key length is 256, 192 or 128 bits. When a symmetric cipher mode requires an IV, the length of the IV must be equal to the block size of the cipher. Hence, you must always use an IV of 128 bits (16 bytes) with AES.
AES provides 128 bit, 192 bit and 256 bit of secret key size for encryption. Things to remember here is if you are selecting 128 bits for encryption, then the secret key must be of 16 bits long and 24 and 32 bits for 192 and 256 bits of key size. Now you can enter the secret key accordingly. By default, the encrypted text will be base64 encoded but you have options to select the output format as HEX too.
Similarly, for image and .txt file the encrypted form will be Base64 encoded.
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Below is a screenshot that shows a sample usage of this online AES encryption tool.
AES decryption has also the same process. By default it assumes the entered text be in Base64. The input can be Base64 encoded or Hex encoded image and .txt file too. And the final decrypted output will be Base64 string. If the intended output is a plain-text then, it can be decoded to plain-text in-place.
But if the intended output is an image or .txt file then you can use this tool to convert the base64 encoded output to an image.
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